In a unanimous decision, the U.S. Supreme Court sided with postal worker Gerald Groff, ruling that employers must grant religious accommodations unless they cause “substantial increased costs” or undue hardship. This overturns the 1977 TWA v. Hardison standard, which allowed denial for minimal costs. Justice Samuel Alito wrote that Title VII requires balancing religious practice with workplace fairness. The ruling strengthens protections for people of faith, though unions warn of scheduling challenges. Legal experts say it will reshape workplace policies nationwide and marks a major victory for religious freedom.